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State of the South West - Population and Migration

Population and Migration Home Page and Highlights

The South West has over 5 million residents, of whom 80% live in a city or a town and its immediate environs – a lower proportion than any other region. Population distribution has important financial implications for government bodies because it is often more expensive to service dispersed rather than concentrated populations. Reaching potentially vulnerable groups in rural areas is also a key challenge, not least because the small numbers involved often make them ‘invisible’ in official measures of deprivation (see social & welfare chapter).

The South West has the oldest age structure of all the England regions. Age structure has important economic, labour market and planning implications as well as having a direct impact on the nature of public services demanded (see Ageing Population chapter).

The South West has one of the smallest ethnic minority populations of all the English regions, both overall and as a proportion of the total population.

Inter-regional disparities in population growth are projected to continue with the fastest rates of population growth expected in the East of England, South West, London and South East. Accommodating this growth successfully will be a key challenge for regional and local planners. Whilst population growth can aid economic objectives, it can raise environmental concerns through the generation of more waste, increased energy consumption, rising demand for housing and increased road traffic volumes.

The South West’s population has grown entirely due to net migration particularly from the South East and London. Migration patterns and house price differentials between regions can have significant impacts on local housing markets since incomers from areas with higher house prices can have greater purchasing power than existing residents. Problems of lack of affordable housing are further exacerbated by high levels of second homes in some costal and rural areas.

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